Overview
Top Medical Research Studies
Remarkably, when we treated these endothelial cells with VitD, we observed a reversal of these harmful effects. VitD appeared to inhibit the expression of TF and CAMs and even modulated the levels of the ACE2 receptor, which is crucial for the entry of the virus into cells. Our findings suggest that VitD could play a protective role against the blood clotting complications associated with COVID-19 by counteracting IL-6's effects on endothelial cells.
Overall, this study paves the way for further research into VitD as a potential therapeutic option for mitigating thrombotic risks in COVID-19 patients.
Our research involved 257 STEMI patients who were observed in a hospital setting over a year. We divided these patients into two groups: those with high thrombus burden and those with low thrombus burden. After looking at various factors, one clear finding emerged: patients with high thrombus burden had significantly lower vitamin D levels compared to those with low thrombus burden. In fact, the average vitamin D levels in patients with high thrombus burden were only 8.0 ng/mL compared to 17.9 ng/mL in those with low thrombus burden.
We also discovered that patients with high thrombus burden and low vitamin D levels had poorer outcomes post-PCI, including decreased blood flow and lower heart performance. Through further analysis, we found vitamin D levels were an independent predictor of thrombus burden. Those with levels above 17.6 ng/mL showed an impressive 81.8% sensitivity for predicting low thrombus burden.
Overall, our study indicates that maintaining adequate vitamin D levels could play a significant role in reducing the risks associated with blood clotting in heart attack patients undergoing critical interventions.
Our findings from tests like Thromboelastography revealed that while the non-metastatic group showed no major differences before and after treatment, the metastatic group exhibited a concerning hypercoagulable state. Interestingly, after vitamin D supplementation, the viscoelastic properties of the non-metastatic group improved significantly, aligning more closely with those of the healthier reference group.
Overall, our study suggests that vitamin D may create a more favorable environment for blood clotting, potentially leading to less dangerous clots in certain prostate cancer patients. This could be an important consideration for individuals at risk of thromboembolic events associated with their condition.
Most Useful Reviews
Medical Researches
- All Researches
Remarkably, when we treated these endothelial cells with VitD, we observed a reversal of these harmful effects. VitD appeared to inhibit the expression of TF and CAMs and even modulated the levels of the ACE2 receptor, which is crucial for the entry of the virus into cells. Our findings suggest that VitD could play a protective role against the blood clotting complications associated with COVID-19 by counteracting IL-6's effects on endothelial cells.
Overall, this study paves the way for further research into VitD as a potential therapeutic option for mitigating thrombotic risks in COVID-19 patients.
Our findings revealed that klotho-deficient platelets exhibited significantly reduced responses to activation, indicating that they might not form clots effectively. Specifically, we observed that calcium signaling pathways, essential for platelet activation and aggregation, were notably inhibited in these mice. The investigation utilized multiple methods, including measuring calcium levels and evaluating platelet function through various biochemical and cellular techniques.
Interestingly, when klotho-deficient mice were given a low-vitamin D diet, we discovered that their platelet function improved, suggesting a direct link between vitamin D3 levels and platelet activity. The reduced activity was associated with decreased expression of critical signaling proteins involved in calcium entry, which vitamin D3 helps regulate. Overall, our study presents evidence that vitamin D3 deficiency due to klotho absence may hinder proper blood clotting mechanisms.
Our findings revealed that 96 of these recipients experienced a first episode of VTE. We noticed a significant difference in rates of blood clots among those who received calcitriol alongside angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs). In fact, recipients on the combination therapy had a markedly lower rate of VTE, showing a promising 60% reduction in risk.
However, it is important to note that the isolated effect of vitamin D3 without other treatments wasn't fully determined in this study. While calcitriol showed favorable outcomes when used with blood pressure medications, further research could help clarify its individual impact on clot prevention. Overall, this research highlights the importance of collaborative strategies in managing thrombotic complications for transplant patients.
Our analysis focused on the relationship between vitamin D levels and VTE risk, particularly in individuals with diabetes compared to those without. Over a median follow-up period of 12.5 years, we recorded just over 10,600 new cases of VTE.
The findings were quite revealing: higher serum 25OHD concentrations were associated with a lower risk of VTE. This inverse relationship was especially pronounced in participants with diabetes. Interestingly, while we assessed various genetic factors that could influence VTE risk, they did not significantly change how vitamin D affected the likelihood of developing a blood clot.
However, we did find that specific genetic variations in the vitamin D receptor appeared to enhance the protective effects of vitamin D against VTE. Overall, we are encouraged by our findings, which suggest that maintaining sufficient levels of vitamin D may help reduce the risk of blood clots, particularly in those already managing diabetes.
We found that vitamin D significantly reduced platelet aggregation, especially when this aggregation was heightened by the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. This effect appears to be linked to vitamin D's ability to inhibit certain signaling pathways involved in platelet activation. Notably, the treatment reduced the activation of integrin αIIbβ3, which plays a key role in platelet spreading and clumping.
By utilizing a particular Src family kinase inhibitor, we confirmed that there are overlapping pathways being influenced, as both vitamin D and the inhibitor showed similar effects in lowering platelet responses. Our findings suggest that vitamin D could serve as a beneficial treatment to help manage clotting in COVID-19, though further exploration is necessary.
User Reviews
- All Reviews
- Positive Reviews
- Negative Reviews
Frequently Asked Questions
A blood clot is a mass of blood that changes from a liquid to a gel, effectively forming a plug that can stop bleeding. This natural process, known as coagulation, is critical for preventing excessive blood loss when you sustain an injury. Blood clots can occur in various areas of the body, typically at the site of a wound, but they can also form within blood vessels without an obvious injury, which may lead to serious health complications.
While blood clots are essential for healing, they can pose significant health risks if they form inappropriately. For example, a deep vein thrombosis (DVT) occurs when a clot forms in a deep vein, usually in the legs, and can travel to the lungs, causing a life-threatening condition called a pulmonary embolism. Risk factors for blood clots include prolonged immobility, certain medical conditions, and the use of specific medications, among others. It’s important to recognize the symptoms of abnormal clotting, such as swelling, pain, and redness in the affected area, and seek medical attention if they occur.
Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin that's essential for maintaining healthy bones and teeth, supporting immune system function, and facilitating normal cell growth and development. It plays a crucial role in calcium absorption in the gut, which is vital for bone health. Unlike most vitamins, our bodies can produce Vitamin D when exposed to sunlight, specifically UVB rays, which is why it’s often referred to as the "sunshine vitamin." However, depending on your geographical location, lifestyle, and skin type, getting sufficient Vitamin D from the sun alone can be challenging, particularly during the winter months.
In addition to sunlight, Vitamin D can be obtained from certain foods such as fatty fish (like salmon and mackerel), fish liver oils, and fortified foods like milk and cereals. Some individuals may also consider supplements, especially if they're at risk for deficiency. Insufficient vitamin D levels are linked to various health issues, including rickets in children, osteomalacia in adults, and even an increased risk of chronic diseases. Regularly checking your vitamin D levels and consulting with a healthcare professional can help ensure you're meeting your needs for optimal health.
While research is ongoing, there is some evidence to suggest that Vitamin D may play a role in cardiovascular health, potentially influencing factors related to blood clotting. Vitamin D is known to have anti-inflammatory properties and can contribute to overall vascular health, but the relationship between Vitamin D levels and the prevention or treatment of blood clots is not yet fully understood. Some studies have indicated that sufficient levels of Vitamin D may help maintain a healthy endothelial function, which is critical for preventing clot formation; however, these findings are not definitive.
It's important to note that relying solely on Vitamin D for managing blood clot risk is not advisable. If you're concerned about blood clotting issues, it's crucial to consult with a healthcare professional for a comprehensive evaluation and personalized recommendations. They can help you understand the best approaches for managing cardiovascular health, which may include lifestyle changes, medications, or other interventions alongside any supplementation.
Based on user reviews, many individuals report noticeable improvements after consistent use of Vitamin D3 over a period of several months. For instance, one user mentioned that after six months of taking Vitamin D3 and K2, they observed significant changes, including improvements in their health markers and physical condition ((Read Review)). Other reviews indicate that users saw an increase in their vitamin D levels and improvements in related symptoms after a similar timeframe of around six months ((Read Review)).
It is noteworthy that while the exact time frame may vary from person to person, a common theme among reviewers is the importance of regular intake, often recommending durations of six months or more to fully appreciate the benefits for blood clotting and overall health. Users have highlighted that their vitamin D levels have significantly improved with consistent use, reinforcing the idea that patience and adherence to a supplement routine are crucial for achieving desired results ((Read Review))
The available scientific research suggests that vitamin D may have potential benefits in reducing the risk of blood clots under certain conditions. One large-scale study highlighted that higher serum levels of vitamin D were associated with a lower risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), particularly in individuals with diabetes, indicating a protective effect against clots ([1]). Furthermore, studies indicated that vitamin D can reduce platelet aggregation, which is crucial in the clotting process, especially in patients affected by COVID-19 ([10], [10]).
However, not all studies confirm a direct impact of vitamin D supplementation on clotting markers. For instance, one clinical trial investigating vitamin D treatment in patients with existing thromboembolism found no significant changes in important biomarkers connected to blood clotting ([12]). Additionally, findings from a randomized trial indicated that while vitamin D3 supplementation increased vitamin levels, it did not significantly alter blood clotting measures among participants ([17]). Overall, while research hints at vitamin D's potential to influence clotting dynamics, further studies are needed to clarify its effectiveness as a standalone treatment for blood clots.
Based on user reviews, many individuals have reported significant improvements in various health symptoms after using Vitamin D3 supplements. For example, one user noted enhancements in their immune system and improvements in nail health after combining D3 with K2 over six months ((Read Review)). Another user, taking Vitamin D3 for arthritis, experienced a notable rise in their vitamin D levels and a reduction in rheumatism markers after similar consistent use ((Read Review)).
In addition to improvements in blood markers, several reviewers highlighted benefits such as better circulation, improvements in muscle tone, and enhanced overall well-being while emphasizing the importance of regular intake for optimal results. Notably, one parent reported significant improvements in their child's bronchial asthma and overall health after increasing vitamin D levels through this supplement ((Read Review)). However, individual results may vary, and it is advisable to consult healthcare professionals before starting any supplementation.
Based on user reviews, many individuals have reported positive experiences when combining Vitamin D3 with other supplements for managing blood clot concerns. One user highlighted that the combined use of Vitamin D3 and K2 not only helped normalize blood clotting but also improved other aspects of their health, such as immune system function and nail quality after six months of adherence to the regimen ((Read Review)). Additionally, another review indicated that consistent intake of Vitamin D3 played a crucial role in enhancing various health markers, including those related to rheumatism, after adjusting their dosages throughout the year ((Read Review)).
Users consistently emphasized the importance of proper supplementation timing and food pairing, recommending that Vitamin D3 be taken with fatty meals for optimal absorption due to its fat-soluble nature ((Read Review)). A few reviewers mentioned that their family members experienced notable improvements in their health conditions, such as high blood pressure and circulation issues, which they attributed to the combination of Vitamin D3 and other supportive measures. However, as always, reviewers advised consulting healthcare professionals before initiating any new supplementation routine to ensure safety and effectiveness.
Based on user reviews, it appears that the right dose of Vitamin D for treating blood clot issues can vary significantly from person to person. One user mentioned taking 4,000 IU daily for high blood pressure, attributing a remarkable decrease in levels to this dosage, while another user adjusts between 2 and 3 tablets a day to maintain their vitamin D levels, which has shown improvement in various health markers, including rheumatism (Read Review) (Read Review).
Additionally, several users noted that a higher dose facilitated better absorption of the vitamin and helped improve overall health, including aspects that might indirectly relate to blood clot management such as immunity and circulation (Read Review) (Read Review). It is essential for users to consult with healthcare professionals to determine the appropriate dosage tailored to their specific health needs, as individual responses may vary.
Our analysis focused on the relationship between vitamin D levels and VTE risk, particularly in individuals with diabetes compared to those without. Over a median follow-up period of 12.5 years, we recorded just over 10,600 new cases of VTE.
The findings were quite revealing: higher serum 25OHD concentrations were associated with a lower risk of VTE. This inverse relationship was especially pronounced in participants with diabetes. Interestingly, while we assessed various genetic factors that could influence VTE risk, they did not significantly change how vitamin D affected the likelihood of developing a blood clot.
However, we did find that specific genetic variations in the vitamin D receptor appeared to enhance the protective effects of vitamin D against VTE. Overall, we are encouraged by our findings, which suggest that maintaining sufficient levels of vitamin D may help reduce the risk of blood clots, particularly in those already managing diabetes.
Through our experiments, we discovered that vitamin D3 helped reduce platelet aggregation triggered by the spike protein. We noticed that it inhibited certain signaling pathways inside platelets, thereby curbing their ability to clump together. Even when the spike protein was introduced, vitamin D3 managed to lessen the platelet response significantly.
Interestingly, our findings suggest that vitamin D3 works by modulating a specific integrin signaling pathway, known as integrin αIIbβ3 outside-in signaling. We observed that this process involved key proteins that play a role in platelet function. Combining vitamin D3 with a Src family kinase inhibitor showed no added benefits, indicating that vitamin D3's effects might be closely tied to these signaling pathways.
Overall, our study indicates that vitamin D3 has a beneficial role in mitigating the heightened platelet activity associated with the spike protein, offering insights into its potential use as a treatment option during COVID-19.
We divided the patients into two groups: one received a high dose of vitamin D—50,000 IU weekly for eight weeks followed by less frequent doses—while the control group did not receive any vitamin D. After one and three months, we measured levels of two key biomarkers related to blood clotting: P-selectin and hs-CRP.
We discovered that there was no significant decrease in either biomarker in both groups over the study period. This suggests that treating vitamin D deficiency doesn’t meaningfully impact these specific markers of thrombosis in patients with clotting issues.
However, we did find something interesting. Those who received vitamin D treatment appeared to manage their anticoagulant therapy with warfarin more effectively, using lower doses of the medication. While our initial hypothesis about vitamin D’s direct effect on blood clot markers didn’t hold, this potential interaction with warfarin is intriguing and warrants further investigation in larger studies to better understand the relationship between vitamin D and blood clotting.
Our findings revealed that the average serum level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) significantly increased in the vitamin D group over the year, from 61.8 nmol/L to 145.6 nmol/L. However, at the beginning of the study, we observed that higher levels of 25(OH)D were linked to certain changes in clotting parameters, specifically a decrease in lag time and time to peak on the calibrated automated thrombogram (CAT) test. Despite these associations, no significant changes in blood clotting measures were observed after supplementation.
Ultimately, while our research suggested that higher vitamin D levels may correlate with a pro-thrombotic state, the lack of noticeable effects from high-dose vitamin D supplementation calls into question the direct impact of vitamin D on clotting activities. Thus, we concluded that there's no evidence supporting the effectiveness of vitamin D3 in altering blood clot risk in this population.
References
- Xiang H, Zhou C, Gan X, Huang Y, He P, et al. Relationship of Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations, Diabetes, Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms and Incident Venous Thromboembolism. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2025;41:e70014. doi:10.1002/dmrr.70014
- Rachman A, Iriani A, Irawan A, Juanputra S, Betsy R. Adequate serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin D levels are correlated with low anti-PF4 levels in mild COVID-19 Patients: An observational study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2024;103:e39252. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000039252
- Wang R, Tian Z, Wang C, Zhang B, Zhu M, et al. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 attenuates platelet aggregation potentiated by SARS-CoV-2 spike protein via inhibiting integrin αIIbβ3 outside-in signaling. Cell Biochem Funct. 2024;42:e4039. doi:10.1002/cbf.4039
- Andersen MK, Rüdiger IH, Vestergaard AL, Palarasah Y, Bor P, et al. Vitamin D Deficiency is Associated With Increased Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1/Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 2 Ratio in Pregnancy. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost. 2023;29:10760296231201855. doi:10.1177/10760296231201855
- Şaylık F, Selçuk M, Akbulut T, Çınar T. The Association between Vitamin D Levels and Thrombus Burden in Patients with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction. J Tehran Heart Cent. 2022;17:48. doi:10.18502/jthc.v17i2.9835
- Uguz B, Oztas S, Zengin I, Topal D, Tiryakioglu SK, et al. Relationship between vitamin D deficiency and thrombus load in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2022;26:7015. doi:10.26355/eurrev_202210_29885
- Hajimoradi B, Hosseini B, Alirezaei T, Pourmotahari F. 25-Hydroxy vitamin D level is associated with mean platelet volume in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Cardiovasc Hematol Disord Drug Targets. 2022. doi:10.2174/1871529X22666220418111905
- Hoek M, Schultz M, Alummoottil S, Aneck-Hahn N, Mathabe K, et al. Ex vivo Vitamin D supplementation improves viscoelastic profiles in prostate cancer patients. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc. 2022;81:221. doi:10.3233/CH-211353
- Cimmino G, Conte S, Morello M, Pellegrino G, Marra L, et al. Vitamin D Inhibits IL-6 Pro-Atherothrombotic Effects in Human Endothelial Cells: A Potential Mechanism for Protection against COVID-19 Infection?. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis. 2022;9. doi:10.3390/jcdd9010027
- Wang R, Tian Z, Wang C, Zhang B, Zhu M, et al. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 attenuates platelet aggregation potentiated by SARS-CoV-2 spike protein via inhibiting integrin αIIbβ3 outside-in signaling. Cell Biochem Funct. 2024;42:e4039. doi:10.1002/cbf.4039
- Uguz B, Oztas S, Zengin I, Topal D, Tiryakioglu SK, et al. Relationship between vitamin D deficiency and thrombus load in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2022;26:7015. doi:10.26355/eurrev_202210_29885
- Hejazi ME, Modarresi-Ghazani F, Hamishehkar H, Mesgari-Abbasi M, Dousti S, et al. The Effect of Treatment of Vitamin D Deficiency on the Level of P-Selectin and hs-CRP in Patients With Thromboembolism: A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial. J Clin Pharmacol. 2017;57:40. doi:10.1002/jcph.774
- Blondon M, Rodabough RJ, Budrys N, Johnson KC, Berger JS, et al. The effect of calcium plus vitamin D supplementation on the risk of venous thromboembolism. From the Women's Health Initiative Randomized Controlled Trial. Thromb Haemost. 2015;113:999. doi:10.1160/TH14-05-0478
- Gholami K, Talasaz AH, Entezari-Maleki T, Salarifar M, Hadjibabaie M, et al. The Effect of High-Dose Vitamin D3 on Soluble P-Selectin and hs-CRP Level in Patients With Venous Thromboembolism: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost. 2016;22:483. doi:10.1177/1076029614568715
- Borst O, Münzer P, Schmid E, Schmidt EM, Russo A, et al. 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D3-dependent inhibition of platelet Ca2+ signaling and thrombus formation in klotho-deficient mice. FASEB J. 2014;28:2108. doi:10.1096/fj.13-239277
- Moscarelli L, Zanazzi M, Bertoni E, Caroti L, Rosso G, et al. Renin angiotensin system blockade and activated vitamin D as a means of preventing deep vein thrombosis in renal transplant recipients. Clin Nephrol. 2011;75:440.
- Jorde R, Sneve M, Torjesen P, Figenschau Y, Hansen JB. Parameters of the thrombogram are associated with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels at baseline, but not affected during supplementation with vitamin D. Thromb Res. 2010;125:e210. doi:10.1016/j.thromres.2009.12.011
- Wu-Wong JR. Are vitamin D receptor activators useful for the treatment of thrombosis?. Curr Opin Investig Drugs. 2009;10:919.
